定义工具类

package helloworld.utils;

import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;

/**
     * @Author: xj0927
     * @Description:
     * @Date Created in 2021-01-08 15:54
     * @Modified By:
     */
public class RabbitMQUtils {

    private static ConnectionFactory factory;

    //静态代码块：类加载时执行一次
    static {
        factory = new ConnectionFactory();
        factory.setHost("192.168.77.138");
        factory.setPort(5672);
        factory.setUsername("ems");
        factory.setPassword("123");
        factory.setVirtualHost("/ems");
    }

    //获取连接对象
    public static Connection getConnection() {
        try {
            return factory.newConnection();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (TimeoutException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return null;
    }

    //关闭通道连接和连接对象
    public static void closeConnection(Channel channel, Connection conn) {
        if (channel != null) {
            try {
                channel.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } catch (TimeoutException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        if (conn != null) {
            try {
                conn.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
}

使用工具类

1. 开发生产者

public class Producer {
    @Test
    public void pro() throws IOException, TimeoutException {

        //获取连接对象===>使用工具类
        Connection connection = RabbitMQUtils.getConnection();

        //获取连接中通道
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();

        //通道绑定对应消息队列
        //参数1:  队列名称 如果队列不存在自动创建
        //参数2:  用来定义队列特性是否要持久化 true 持久化队列   false 不持久化
        //参数3:  exclusive 是否独占队列  true 独占队列   false  不独占
        //参数4:  autoDelete: 是否在消费完成后自动删除队列  true 自动删除  false 不自动删除
        //参数5:  额外附加参数
        channel.queueDeclare("hello", true, false, false, null);

        //发布消息
        //参数1: 交换机名称 参数2:队列名称  参数3:传递息额外设置  参数4:消息的具体内容
        channel.basicPublish("", "hello", MessageProperties.PERSISTENT_TEXT_PLAIN, "hello rabbitmq".getBytes());

        //关闭连接===>使用工具类
        RabbitMQUtils.closeConnection(channel, connection);
    }
}

2. 开发消费者

public class Consumer {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, TimeoutException {

        //获取连接对象===>使用工具类
        Connection connection = RabbitMQUtils.getConnection();
        //创建通道
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();

        //通道绑定队列：与生产端一致
        channel.queueDeclare("hello", true, false, false, null);

        //获取消息
        //参数1: 消费那个队列的消息 队列名称
        //参数2: 开始消息的自动确认机制
        //参数3: 消费时的回调接口
        channel.basicConsume("hello", true, new DefaultConsumer(channel) {
            @Override
            public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, AMQP.BasicProperties properties, byte[] body) throws IOException {
                System.out.println("取出消息:===>" + new String(body));
            }
        });
    }
}